Objective To systematically examine the design, reporting standards, risk of bias, and claims
of studies comparing the performance of diagnostic deep learning algorithms for medical …

A growing number of artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems are
showing promising performance in preclinical, in silico, evaluation, but few have yet …

Objective: To systematically review studies evaluating the influence of surgical experience
on individual performance. Background: Experience, measured in case volume or years of …

Background Gallstones and alcohol account for more than 80% of acute pancreatitis.
Cholecystectomy is the definitive treatment for gallstones. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the …

BACKGROUND Definitive diagnosis of pleural disease (particularly malignancy) depends
upon histologic proof obtained via pleural biopsy or positive pleural fluid cytology. Image-…

Background Surgical training has traditionally been one of apprenticeship, where the surgical
trainee learns to perform surgery under the supervision of a trained surgeon. This is time …

Purpose We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the possible
benefits and harms of vasopressin therapy in adults with septic shock both overall and in pre-…

Provision rates for surgery vary widely in relation to identifiable need, suggesting that reduction
of this variation might be appropriate. The definition of unwarranted variation is difficult …

ABO blood group incompatible renal transplantation, using desensitization procedures, is
an effective strategy. Efforts have been made to reduce desensitization: these are usually …

Background While laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally considered to be less painful
than open surgery, pain is one of the important reasons for delayed discharge after day …