Table 4

Descriptive and correlational results of medical trainees^* self-reported leadership competency domains on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with self-reported trait and behavioural measures

	Mean (SD)†	1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	Overall¶
1. Ethical and Social responsibility
Honesty-humility	3.76 (0.64)	0.311‡	0.268§	0.237§	0.024	0.256§	0.235§	0.056	0.295‡
Sincerity	3.34 (0.84)	0.320‡	0.216§	0.215§	0.033	0.215§	0.251§	0.035	0.275§
Fairness	4.18 (0.70)	0.179	.223§	0.171	−0.006	0.203	0.125	0.047	0.200
Ethical leadership	3.56 (0.46)	0.352‡	0.154	0.044	0.150	0.170	0.136	0.131	0.249§
2. Civility
Agreeableness	3.34 (0.60)	−0.051	0.241§	0.003	−0.203	0.041	0.102	0.152	0.069
Forgiveness	3.03 (0.80)	−0.003	0.195	−0.003	−0.125	0.080	0.075	0.180	0.098
Patience	3.66 (0.64)	−0.092	0.206	0.003	−0.223§	−0.023	0.096	0.058	0.007
Civility behaviours	4.65 (0.37)	0.087	0.178	0.127	0.029	0.186	0.095	0.221	0.214
3. Self-Leadership
Conscientiousness	3.81 (0.58)	0.124	0.167	0.419‡	0.025	0.363‡	0.217§	0.053	0.312‡
Diligence	4.09 (0.54)	0.253§	0.141	0.460‡	0.114	0.510‡	0.398‡	0.019	0.437‡
Organisation	3.54 (0.80)	0.008	0.146	0.297‡	−0.043	0.181	0.047	0.063	0.156
Learning goal orientation	4.42 (0.43)	0.238§	0.083	0.318‡	−0.011	0.362‡	0.351‡	−0.119	0.294
4. Team Management
Initiating leadership	3.75 (0.57)	0.132	0.164	0.026	0.272§	0.218§	0.223§	0.177	0.299‡
Consideration leadership	4.12 (0.38)	0.355‡	0.282§	0.363‡	0.202	0.274§	0.263§	0.212	0.444‡
5. Vision and Strategy
Strategic leadership	3.59 (0.49)	0.153	0.121	0.278‡	0.256§	0.364‡	0.434‡	0.270§	0.443‡
Transformational leadership	3.58 (0.51)	0.212	0.065	0.259§	0.344‡	0.450‡	0.301‡	0.453‡	0.492‡
6. Innovation and Creativity
Openness to experience	3.41 (0.62)	0.067	−0.146	−0.007	−0.190	0.011	0.153	0.021	−0.003
Creativity	3.38 (0.77)	0.157	−0.046	0.142	−0.117	0.035	0.220§	0.043	0.106
Unconventionality	3.44 (0.64)	−0.061	−0.231§	−0.185	−0.229§	−0.022	0.031	−0.012	−0.136
Propensity to innovate	3.68 (0.46)	0.123	−0.091	0.200	0.313‡	0.441‡	0.534‡	0.159	0.417‡
7. Communication and Interpersonal Influence
Extraversion	3.44 (0.54)	0.078	−0.021	0.218§	0.132	0.109	0.142	0.280§	0.215
Social boldness	3.20 (0.61)	0.014	−0.083	0.163	0.100	0.034	0.145	0.303‡	0.156
Sociability	3.70 (0.61)	0.125	0.041	0.224§	0.135	0.161	0.107	0.186	0.224§
Political skill	4.18 (0.47)	0.222§	0.099	0.353‡	0.201	0.257§	0.258§	0.240§	0.361‡
Clinical communication	4.14 (0.37)	0.119	0.226	−0.007	0.047	0.007	0.049	0.010	0.082

Columns represent self-report VAS scores, while rows indicate trait and behaviour scores self-rated by medical trainees. Bolded values highlight correlations that would indicate convergence between VAS and self-report trait and behaviour measures.
*Sample sizes for correlations range from 67 to 180.
†Measured on a 1 (never/strongly disagree) to 5 (always/strongly agree) Likert scale.
‡Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed).
§Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed).
¶Overall represents the overall mean of VSA self-ratings on all seven leadership competency domains.