The Evidence-Based Interventions Programme was established and developed as a joint enterprise between five national partners: the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, NHS Clinical Commissioners, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence as well as NHS England and NHS Improvement to lead national implementation of appropriate clinical intervention in an integrated health economy. The programme aims to ensure that procedures are offered appropriately in the NHS in England by using shared decision making, behavioural insights, consensus-seeking, collaboration with clinicians and commissioners, contract amendments, tariff changes and patient engagement. Lessons learned are wide ranging and emphasise the need for leadership at all levels of the health care system to inspire improvement:

1. We should ensure that procedures are offered appropriately in the NHS in England.

2. National implementation of initiatives is complex and requires diverse public and stakeholder engagement.

3. Creating nuanced messaging across diverse groups should not be shyed away from though it is challenging.